Birthday ATM: who, how and when it was created

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Today is exactly 47 years from the time the first ATM appeared. These devices have firmly entered into the life of modern man. Today it is difficult to imagine that, at one time, they did not exist, but for nbsp; the first users of ATMs, they were a real miracle. History and The most interesting facts about ATMs — in this collection.

The prototype ATM was created long before 1967, back in 1939! The device was created by Luther George Simjyan. The ATM was installed in the city of New York City, in the City Bank of New York. However, then the invention did not find wide demand among users: this ATM was used only by players and prostitutes who did not want to glow before cashiers. Six months after the installation of the device, the bank refused it.

Creator of the modern & laquo; version & raquo; ATM, John Shepherd-Barron, argued that the idea of the device came to him in the heads when he was considering the mechanism of the vending machine selling chocolate. "Why would not it be possible to issue money in this way? & raquo ; — he thought. And shortly after, on June 27, 1967, the first in the history of Bancley's ATM was installed in the Enfield area of North London.

The first ATM in the world was not very similar to the devices we know now. Instead of plastic cards, at that time special checks were used, protected from stealing data with the C-14 isotope. Also, already at that time, for the protection of personal data, the use of a pin code was introduced. According to the legend, the creator of the ATM insisted that the pin code consist of 4, and not a 6 digits, because it was the number that his wife could remember.

The first ATM in Russia was installed in 1994 at the most fashionable at that moment Moscow store & laquo; Novoarbatsky & raquo ;. Its cost was 33,000 dollars. It was installed by "Bridge-Bank", then owned by Vladimir Gusinsky, in the first place, from advertising and image reasons. The cards were not nearly there at all, and there was little practical use of this device.

How does the ATM work?

The technical component of it is not so complex: its main components are — it's a computer, a control panel, a printer, and a special safe for cash storage. For details of the o principles of ATM operation, you can watch this Discovery Channel video:

And some more interesting facts about ATMs:

— The most popular day for using ATM is — Friday. The clubs in which ATMs are installed receive a profit of from 70 to 80 percent of their content.

— The largest number of ATMs per per capita — in Japan. The following four countries are in the rankings: Spain, South Korea, the USA and Canada.

ATM card number per capita.

In the same time, according to the World Bank, the first five places in the security rating & the telecommunications devices of financial institutions & (not only ATMs, but also terminals intended for cash input) were distributed as follows: Canada, Portugal, Russia, China and Australia. USA and many countries in Europe for these indicators are & lquo; behind & raquo ;: there is a popular non-cash settlement.

— The first fixed case of installing a counterfeit ATM was in a shopping center in the city of Manchester at 1993. Hacking into the ATM, the criminal group that called themselves "Boys from Buckland" was able to steal more than $ 100,000 from their users' cards before they were caught.

— By the whole world now has more than 1.7 million ATMs. One of the ATMs costs even $ nM at the McMurdo station in Anathtrak.