Харьkówсka „банковна“ – plac Nikołajewskiego.<br>(część 3) | otdih.pro

Харьkówсka „банковна“ – plac Nikołajewskiego.<br>(część 3)8 zdjęć

#### Харьковская „банковскаćа“ – Николаевська площадь.
(часть 3)

Among the financial institutions, stands out the Building of the Mutual Credit Society, designed by A.N. Beketov – located at the southern end of Nicolaevskaya Square (built in 1903–1905). However, just 10 years later, the building was reconstructed by another architect, Y.U. Zaune. Yet even this structure was destroyed during the war. Later, it was rebuilt with the intention of hosting a restaurant; restoration work was completed in 1959 under the direction of architects R.M. Podgornaya and I.N. Lavrentyev.

Nearby, at the corner of Torgovaya Square (Rosa Luxembourg Square) and Pletnevsky Alley, once stood one of the oldest banks in Kharkiv – the City Merchant Bank. Initially, it was located in a two-story house owned by the merchant Lomakin; this building was considered one of the most luxurious in the city. During Alexander I’s visits to Kharkov, he was twice accommoded there. However, in 1908 the house was declared unsafe and demolished. A nationwide competition was held to design a new building; according to the plans, the first floor was intended for the bank, the second and third floors for offices, and the top three floors for the Astoria Hotel. Construction, carried out under the direction of architect Alexander Rzepishevsky, was completed in 1913. This beautiful, albeit somewhat somber building still adorns our city today.

The true highlight of the southern part of Nicolaevskaya Square was the Trade Exchange Building, designed by B.G. Mikhailovsky. Built in 1881, this stone structure, resembling an ancient temple surrounded by columns in the Corinthian order, rises atop a high base. Inside this magnificent building, an aeroclub was located after the revolution; however, it was demolished in 1928 due to the construction of a tram line.

Yet not only the elegance of these banks reflected the economic prosperity of Kharkiv. The Income House of the “Russia” Insurance Company, designed by architect I.A. Pretro, and built in 1916, also embodied this era of prosperity. This six-story building, in the neoclassical style, housed shops on the ground floor and large six- to eight-room apartments on the upper floors. Its trapezoidal shape resulted in two additional internal courtyards, creating three inner spaces: two quiet side courtyards and a central one that led to Nicolaevskaya Square and Pletnevsky Alley. Sculptural groups adorned the facades of all buildings owned by the “Russia” Insurance Company – in Moscow, Petersburg, and Kharkiv. These sculptures often depicted figures symbolizing “Russia”, often holding a shield, as if protecting the company’s clients. The lower layer of the sculptures on the building walls represented different areas of insurance coverage.

Indeed, Nicolaevskaya Square was not only located in the heart of the city but also served as the hub of urban life and the financial center of Kharkiv, embodying all its glory and elegance.
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