Харьków i lotnictwo, a także historia instytutu HAİ<br>(Część 2) --- Please note that this is part 2 of a series of articles. It is recommended to read the previous parts as well in order to fully understand the content.8 zdjęć

Harbin and Aviation, as Well as the History of the Kharkov Aviation Institute
(Part 2)

.. The factory, which today serves as the leading enterprise of the Kharkov Aviation Production Association, was the pioneer in the development of a large industrial and residential area in the northern part of the city. There, alongside enterprises specializing in the manufacture of machinery and equipment, are located the Aviation Institute, which trains aviation engineers, and the Kharkov branch of the scientific and design institute “Giproaviaprom,” which prepares technical documentation for aircraft factories.


The Aviation Institute was established in 1930 on the basis of the aviation department of the mechanical faculty of the Kharkov Technical Institute, which was founded in 1923 at the initiative of Professor G.F. Proskura. The buildings and structures of the institute, constructed from 1931 on the designated site, were destroyed during the war.

After returning from evacuation, the institute was temporarily located in a building at 18/20 Sumskaya Street, where in the early days of aviation development the Aeronautics Department had been based, as well as in a building at 44 Artem Street.

In 1956, the institute returned to its restored and reconstructed buildings and continued to build new facilities.

The Aviation Institute is affiliated with several higher military aviation schools, whose campuses, along with their educational, residential, and cultural facilities, are located in some of the best areas of the city. The oldest of these military schools is the S.I. Gritsevtsy Pilot Training School, established in 1930 and located in the eastern part of the city, in the Rogan area. Initially, the school had its own training airfield, but later practical exercises were moved to Chuguev, and the freed up land was used for residential development. The Radioelectronics School, established in 1937, is located on the Klokhovskie Hills in the city center. The Engineering School was founded after the war in the western part of the city; it was housed in former seminar buildings that had been damaged during the war. These buildings had previously contained the school for Red Staff Officers (46 Volodarsky Street). After the restoration and construction of new facilities, this school also has its own training airfield, located several kilometers southwest of the city center.

Kharkov makes significant contributions to the development of missile technology and space exploration. The city’s industrial enterprises participate in the production of related products, while educational institutions play a key role in training specialized personnel. In the northwestern districts of Sumskaya Street, one can see the buildings of the Higher Military Command School for Missile Forces, named after N.I. Krilov, and on Freedom Square stands the monumental building of the L.A. Gagarin Military Engineering Academy.

1923 marked the resumption of activities of aviation-related public organizations: the Ukrainian and Crimean Aviation and Aeronautics Society was established, and an aeroclub was opened, which was housed in a former exchange building located at the junction of what were formerly Nikolayevskaya Square (now Soviet Ukraine Square) and Torgovaya Square (now Rosa Luxembourg Square). The club provided training programs in flying, gliding, parachuting, and model aircraft building. In the summer of 1923, an aviation equipment exhibition was held on the square in front of the club building, and later a single-engine airplane was installed on the roof as a symbol.

In the late 1920s, this building was demolished due to the construction of a tram line. The successors and continuators of the society’s activities were the All-Union Voluntary Association for Assistance to the Army, Air Force, and Navy, and the current Kharkiv Regional Committee for Space Affairs.
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Memories of the heroic deeds of the people of Kharkov in the fields of aviation and space exploration are preserved in the S.G. Grizodubov Museum, established in his former residence at 54-B Mironositskaya Street, as well as in the museums of various factories and educational institutions. These memories are also honored through monuments, numerous memorial plaques, and the names of streets in the city.

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